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Allied combat operations center

Толкование Перевод

1 Allied combat operations center

[lang name="English"]ACOC, Allied combat operations center

объединенный центр управления боевыми действиями (НАТО)

English-Russian dictionary of planing, cross-planing and slotting machines > Allied combat operations center
2 Allied combat operations center

Военный термин: объединённый центр управления боевыми действиями (НАТО)

Универсальный англо-русский словарь > Allied combat operations center
3 Allied combat operations center

Military: ACOC

Универсальный русско-английский словарь > Allied combat operations center
4 center

центр; пункт; пост; узел; середина; научпо-иселсдовагсльскпй центр, НИЦ; выводить на середину; арт. корректировать; центрировать;

air C3 center — центр руководства, управления и связи ВВС

air defense training and test(ing) center — учебно-испытательный центр ПВО

airborne battlefield C2 center — ВКП оперативного управления боевыми действиями

Armored (Combat) Training center — учебный центр бронетанковых войск

Army aviation (tactical) center — центр управления действиями армейской авиации

Defense Logistics (Services) center — центр тылового обеспечения МО

general supply (commodity) center — центр [пункт] снабжения предметами общего предназначения

hard launch (operations) control center — ркт. центр [пункт] управления пуском, защищенный от (поражающих факторов) ЯВ

large-scale surface C2 center — крупный наземный центр оперативного управления

launch (operations) control center — ркт. пункт управления стартового комплекса [пуском ракет]

military air traffic (control) center — военный центр УВД

mountain (warfare) training center — центр обучения войск действиям в горах

rear area operation(s) center — оперативный центр тылового района

replacement (depot) training center — учебный центр подготовки пополнений

sector (air operations) control center — центр управления действиями авиации в секторе ПВО

situation center (White House) — центр оценки обстановки (в Белом доме)

space defense C2 center — центр оперативного управления средствами ПКО

tactical fighter weapons (employment development) center — центр разработки способов боевого применения оружия истребителей ТА

— AA defense center

— accounting and finance center

— action center

— action information center

— Adjutant General center

— administrative center

— administrative support operations center

— advanced intelligence center

— advanced message center

— advanced signal center

— Advanced Simulation center

— adventure training center

— aerial embarkation center

— aeromedical evacuation control center

— aeronautical chart and information center

— aeronautical systems center

— Aerospace center

— Aerospace Defense center

— Aerospace Guidance center

— aerospace technical intelligence center

— AG center

— AG message center

— aggressor center

— air combat operations control center

— air control and reporting center

— air control center

— air coordination center

— air defense area operations center

— air defense control center

— air defense direction center

— air defense filter center

— air defense missile systems operations control center

— air defense national center

— air defense notification center

— air defense operations center

— air defense sector operations center

— air defense technical center

— air defense training center

— Air Defense Weapons center

— air defense zone operations center

— air direction center

— Air Force Armament center

— Air Force combat intelligence center

— Air Force Cryptologic Support center

— Air Force Engineering and Services center

— Air Force Inspection and Safety center

— Air Force Intelligence center

— Air Force Legal Services center

— Air Force Manpower and Personnel center

— Air Force Medical Service center

— Air Force Missile Development center

— Air Force Service Information and News center

— Air Force Space and Missile Test center

— Air Force Special Forces center

— Air Force Special Weapons center

— Air Force tactical center

— Air Force technical training center

— Air Force Test and Evaluation center

— air logistics coordination center

— air reconnaissance control center

— air rescue control center

— air rescue coordination center

— Air Reserve Personnel center

— air route traffic control center

— air safety center

— air situation information collecting and warning center

— air support operations center

— air tactical operations center

— air training center

— airborne control center

— airborne direct air support center

— airborne launch control center

— airborne operations center

— airborne signal center

— aircraft control center

— airfield center

— air-ground weather center

— airhead air traffic coordination center

— airlift control center

— airlift coordination center

— alert center

— alert defense center

— Allied Command Operations center

— Allied Press Information center

— Allied Sector Operations center

— Allied Signal Training center

— Allied Tactical Air Force command center

— Allied Tactical Operations center

— all-sources intelligence center

— alternate joint communications center

— Alternate National Military Command center

— alternate signal center

— amphibious control center

— amphibious training center

— analysis center

— aquatic training center

— Arctic Test center

— Arctic Training center

— Arctic-Desert Tropic Information center

— area combined movements center

— area communications center

— area control center

— area damage control center

— area security coordination center

— area signal center

— arm training center

— armament and combat vehicle center

— Armament Development and Test center

— Armament Maintenance Management Information center

— Armed Forces Command center

— Armed Forces Recreation center

— Armed Forces Reserve center

— Army Administration center

— Army BM Defense Advanced Research center

— Army BM Defense Advanced Technology center

— Army center of Military History

— Army Foreign Science and Technology center

— Army Intelligence center

— Army Logistics Management center

— Army Medical Materiel center

— Army Missile and Munitions center and School

— Army Missile Development center

— Army Missile Test center

— Army Mobility Research center

— Army Ordnance center and School

— Army Pacific Area Documentation center

— Army Photo center

— Army photographic interpretation center

— Army Regional Medical center

— Army Reserve Components Personnel and Administration center

— Army Security Assistance center

— Army tactical operations center

— Army Youth Selection center

— artillery direction center

— assessment center

— attack center

— automated mobile air defense center

— automatic data processing service center

— automatic data processing training center

— automatic data service center

— automatic digital message switching center

— automatic switching center

— aviation maintenance center

— base defense operations center

— base operations center

— basic training center

— battalion fire distribution center

— battalion maintenance center

— battalion operations center

— battery center

— battle simulation center

— battlefield information coordination center

— battlefield intelligence coordination center

— battlefield surveillance center

— BM Defense Research center

— BM Radiation Analysis center

— BM training center

— branch training center

— briefing center

— burst center

— burst error center

— C center

— C Technical center

— casualty reception center

— center for Communications Sciences

— center for Defense Information

— center for Disarmament

— center for Naval Analysis

— center for Strategic and International Studies

— center of combat

— center of impact

— center of mass

— center of resistance

— central stock control center

— central warning center

— channel and message switching center

— CIA Operations center

— CIA regional center

— civic center

— civil emergency operations center

— civilian internee information center

— Civilian Personnel center

— classification and reclamation center

— classified message center

— close air support center

— clothing exchange center

— coast spotting center

— code center

— cold regions test center

— cold weather training center

— collecting center

— combat control center

— combat crew replacement center

— combat development and test center

— combat development experimental center

— combat development experimentation center

— combat employment development center

— combat information center

— combat operations center

— combat support training center

— combat training center

— combined arms center

— combined arms simulation center

— combined arms training center

— command and operations center

— command center

— command operations center

— command signal center

— communications center

— communications centers operation control center

— communications monitoring center

— communications security center

— communications switching center

— communications system control center

— communications system planning center

— communications technical control center

— communications-electronics center

— community services center

— computation center

— computer-assisted designing equipment center

— computerized intelligence collection center

— construction supply center

— contamination center

— control and reporting center

— control center

— control communications center

— coordinating center

— coordination center

— coordination computer center

— corps press information center

— counterair operations center

— counterintelligence center

— counterintelligence interrogation center

— crisis relocation center

— critical logistics center

— cryptographic center

— cultural information analysis center

— damage assessment center

— damage control center

— decontamination center

— deep underground command center

— defense center

— Defense Clothing and Textile Supply center

— Defense Communications Agency Operations center

— Defense Communications Engineering center

— Defense Construction Supply center

— Defense Documentation center

— Defense Electronics Supply center

— Defense Fuel Supply center

— Defense Industrial Plant Equipment center

— Defense Industrial Supply center

— Defense Mapping Agency Aerospace center

— Defense Mapping Agency Topographic center

— Defense Medical Supply center

— Defense Personnel Support center

— Defense Problems Information center

— Defense Security Clearance center

— Defense Supply center

— deployment control center

— desert training center

— design center

— detailed interrogation center

— detention center

— development center

— direct air support center

— direction center

— Disciplinary Correction center

— disciplinary training center

— dispersion center

— distribution center

— district air support center

— district HQ command center

— doctrinal center

— documentation center

— drill center

— drone control center

— educational center

— electromagnetic compatibility analysis center

— electronic data processing center

— electronic data transmission control center

— electronic intelligence center

— electronics supply center

— emergency control center

— emergency decontamination center

— emergency operations center

— engineer replacement training center

— Enlisted Evaluation center

— Enlisted Records and Evaluation center

— entertainment center

— environment prediction center

— equipment depot center

— Euro Training center

— European Defense Analysis center

— evacuation center

— evaluation center

— EW coordination center

— EW intelligence operations center

— experimental engineer construction center

— experimentation center

— exploitation center

— explosive ordnance disposal coordination center

— FA tactical operations center

— family and community center

— family life center

— family welcome center

— Federal contract research center

— federal emergency operating center

— Federal Warning center

— Field Army tactical operations center

— field maintenance center

— fighter control center

— finance center

— fire control center

— fire direction center

— fire distribution center

— fire section center

— fire-support control center

— fire-support coordination center

— first-aid decontamination center

— fixed communications center

— Fleet Analysis center

— Fleet Anti-Air Warfare center

— Fleet Anti-Air Weapon Training center

— Fleet BM center

— Fleet Combat Training center

— Fleet Command center

— Fleet Loading center

— flight communications center

— flight control center

— flight coordination center

— food service center

— foreign military aid training center

— foreign military assistance training center

— foreign science and technology center

— fortified center

— fortified signal center

— forward area communications center

— forward area signal center

— forward communications center

— forward direction center

— forward electrical/electronic service center

— forward signal center

— general development center

— general support center

— general technical support center

— geodetic survey information center

— ground support equipment center

— guided weapon center

— helicopter direction center

— helicopter logistic support center

— High Energy Laser center

— Home Town News center

— human resources research center

— imagery interpretation center

— imagination center

— indoctrination center

— industrial supply center

— infantry training center

— infiltration surveillance center

— information center

— information computer center

— information mapping center

— initial training center

— in-out processing center

— integrated operational intelligence center

— intelligence and operational information collection center

— intelligence center

— intelligence fusion center

— intelligence information center

— intelligence operations center

— intelligence processing and evaluation center

— intelligence threat analysis center

— interrogation center

— inventory control center

— joint air-photo center

— Joint Army-Navy Information center

— joint command operations' center

— joint EW center

— joint nuclear accidents coordinating center

— joint operations center

— joint operations integrated center

— Joint Reconnaissance center

— Joint Refugee Operations center

— joint search and rescue center

— jump tactical operations center

— jungle operations training center

— jungle warfare training center

— labor supervision center

— Land Warfare center

— land-based signal monitoring center

— Landing Force Training center

— landing zone control center

— Leadership and Management Development center

— learning resource center

— Library Service center

— logistical center

— logistical operations center

— logistics communications center

— logistics coordinating center

— logistics readiness center

— logistics services center

— logistics support operations center

— main command center

— Main Naval Communications center

— main signal center

— maintenance center

— maintenance control center

— maintenance management center

— major development center

— management center

— map distribution center

— Marine Corps Air Ground Intelligence center

— Marine Corps Air/Ground Combat Training center

— Marine Corps Development center

— Marine Corps Emergency Operations center

— Marine Corps Landing Force Development center

— market center

— material and maintenance control center

— material management center

— Materials and Mechanics Research center

— materials information center

— materiel maintenance center

— medical control center

— medical hospital center

— medical training center

— message center

— message processing center

— metrology and calibration center

— military aircraft storage and disposition center

— military center

— military corrective training center

— military intelligence detachment communications center

— Military Intelligence Unit Training center

— Military Personnel center

— military personnel records center

— military R & D center

— military service propaganda center

— military space surveillance center

— military subsistence market center

— missile and munitions center

— missile center

— missile defense center

— missile development center

— missile operations center

— missile space center

— missile warning center

— mobile air combat operations center

— mobile communications center

— mobile computation center

— mobile ground combat information center

— mobile signal center

— Mobility Equipment R&D center

— mobilization center

— mock center

— modification center

— mortar-fire control center

— mortar-fire direction center

— motor transport center

— movement control center

— movement report control center

— MP training center

— multinational nuclear fuel cycle center

— multiservice center

— National Assessment center

— National Bidders Control center

— National Civil Defense Warning center

— National Command center

— National Communications System Operations center

— National Damage Assessment center

— National Defense Communications Control center

— National Foreign Information Assessment center

— National Indications center

— National Intelligence Objectives center

— National Internal Defense Coordination center

— National Military Command center

— National Military Communications center

— National Military Intelligence center

— National Naval Medical center

— National Personnel Records center

— National Photographic Interpretation center

— National SIGINT Operations center

— National Space Surveillance Control center

— National Training center

— NATO Maintenance Supply Service center

— NATO Supply center

— Naval Air Missile center

— Naval Air Propulsion Test center

— Naval Command center

— naval gunfire operation center

— Naval Intelligence Support center

— Naval Missile center

— Naval Surface Weapons center

— Naval Training Equipment center

— Naval Undersea Warfare center

— NBC collection center

— NBC control center

— NBC information collection center

— NBC sub-collection center

— network control center

— night observation device information analysis center

— nodal communication center

— North American Air Defense Combat Operations center

— Northern Warfare Training center

— nuclear fuel cycle center

— nuclear production center

— nuclear weapons training center

— officer evaluation center

— officer evaluations training center

— operational center

— operational tactical control center

— operations control center

— ordnance center

— ordnance test center

— overseas replacement center

— over-the-counter message center

— pathfinder control center

— Personnel and Administration center

— personnel data center

— personnel management center

— personnel operations center

— personnel records center

— personnel recovery center

— planning center

— post concentration center

— premission briefing center

— printing and publications center

— prisoner interrogation center

— prisoner of war/civilian internee center

— programming and trainmg center

— programming center

— public works center

— PW exploitation center

— PW information center

— radar direction center

— radar information processing center

— radiation analysis center

— radio reception center

— radio teletype message center

— radio transmission center

— radiological center

— range center

— rear area combat operations center

— rear area information/intelligence center

— rear security control center

— rear switching center

— reassignment center

— recreational services support center

— recruit training center

— recruiting center

— referral center

— regional control center

— regional operations center

— rehabilitation training center

— relay communications center

— religious retreat center

— relocation center

— remote area conflict information center

— report center

— Reserve Components Personnel and Administration center

— reserve training center

— resource control center

— rest center

— restructured general support center

— retraining center

— rural civilian defense center

— salvage center

— SAM coordinate center

— secured communications center

— Security Assistance Accounting center

— security clearance center

— seismic array analysis center

— semi-automatic ground environment manual control center

— service center

— service operations center

— SHAPE Alternate Command center

— SHAPE Data Retrieval center

— signal center

— signal technical control center

— simulation center

— skill development center

— soft launch control center

— soldier support center

— Sonar Research center

— Space Computation center

— space defense center

— Space Defense Operations center

— space operations center

— space support center

— Space Technology center

— special air warfare center

— special communications center

— Special Forces Support center

— special treatment center

— special warfare center

— special weapons center

— special weapons operations center

— specialist training center

— standards information center

— standby center

— standby local early warning and control center

— stationary signal center

— stock control center

— Strategic and International Studies center

— strategic center of gravity

— strategic concepts development center

— strategic planning center

— subcollection center

— supply center

— supporting arms coordinating center

— supporting signal center

— surveillance center

— survey information center

— switching center

— systems operation center

— Tactical Air Combat Employment center

— tactical air command center

— tactical air control center

— tactical air coordination center

— tactical air direction center

— tactical air operations center

— tactical air reconnaissance center

— tactical air support center

— tactical air warfare center

— tactical aircraft forward direction center

— tactical airlift center

— tactical army operations center

— tactical aviation warning and control center

— tactical control center

— tactical flag command center

— tactical intelligence center

— tactical operations center

— tactical support center

— tactical unit operations center

— Tactical Warfare center

— tactical weapons guidance and control information and analysis center

— target information center

— target processing center

— targeting center

— technical application center

— technical checkup center

— technical intelligence center

— technical training center

— telecommunications center

— teletypewriter relay center

— teletypewriter switching center

— test center

— theater joint operations center

— training aids support center

— training and experimental center

— Training center and Air Defense School

— Training center and Army Security Agency School

— Training center and Military Intelligence School

— Training center and Ordnance and Chemical School

— training center

— trajectory center

— transport aviation combat employment development center

— transport control center

— transportation and movements control center

— Tropic Test center

— tropospheric communications center

— trunk switching center

— UN center for Disarmament

— underwater situation evaluation center

— urban center

— vacation center

— vehicle maintenance center

— vehicle-based mobile signal center

— vehicle-collecting center

— vocational training center

— warning center

— weapon systems programs center

— weapon training center

— weapons information and analysis center

— weapons monitoring center

— weapons systems management center

— wheeled vehicle maintenance center

— winter warfare training center

— wire distribution center

English-Russian military dictionary > center
5 объединённый центр управления боевыми действиями

Military: Allied Tactical Operations Center (НАТО), Allied combat operations center (НАТО), joint combat operations center, joint operations control center

Универсальный русско-английский словарь > объединённый центр управления боевыми действиями
6 ACOC

1) Авиация: Air-cooled Oil Cooler

2) Медицина: acute change of condition

3) Военный термин: Allied combat operations center, air combat operations center, area communications operations center, associated contractor originated change

4) Техника: automatic control operations center

5) Сокращение: Alternate Command Operations Centre

6) Автоматика: automatic control operation center

Универсальный англо-русский словарь > ACOC
7 ACOC

[lang name="English"]ACOC, air combat operations center

центр [пункт] управления боевыми действиями авиации
————————
[lang name="English"]ACOC, Allied combat operations center

объединенный центр управления боевыми действиями (НАТО)
————————
[lang name="English"]ACOC, area communications operations center

районный оперативный центр связи
————————
[lang name="English"]ACOC, associated contractor originated change

изменение по инициативе соподрядчика

English-Russian dictionary of planing, cross-planing and slotting machines > ACOC
8 Chronology

15,000-3,000 BCE Paleolithic cultures in western Portugal.

400-200 BCE Greek and Carthaginian trade settlements on coast.

202 BCE Roman armies invade ancient Lusitania.

137 BCE Intensive Romanization of Lusitania begins.

410 CE Germanic tribes — Suevi and Visigoths—begin conquest of Roman Lusitania and Galicia.

714—16 Muslims begin conquest of Visigothic Lusitania.

1034 Christian Reconquest frontier reaches Mondego River.

1064 Christians conquer Coimbra.

1139 Burgundian Count Afonso Henriques proclaims himself king of Portugal; birth of Portugal. Battle of Ourique: Afonso Henriques defeats Muslims.

1147 With English Crusaders' help, Portuguese seize Lisbon from Muslims.

1179 Papacy formally recognizes Portugal's independence (Pope Alexander III).

1226 Campaign to reclaim Alentejo from Muslims begins.

1249 Last Muslim city (Silves) falls to Portuguese Army.

1381 Beginning of third war between Castile and Portugal.

1383 Master of Aviz, João, proclaimed regent by Lisbon populace.

1385 April: Master of Aviz, João I, proclaimed king of Portugal by Cortes of Coimbra. 14 August: Battle of Aljubarrota, Castilians defeated by royal forces, with assistance of English army.

1394 Birth of "Prince Henry the Navigator," son of King João I.

1415 Beginning of overseas expansion as Portugal captures Moroccan city of Ceuta.

1419 Discovery of Madeira Islands.

1425-28 Prince D. Pedro, older brother of Prince Henry, travels in Europe.

1427 Discovery (or rediscovery?) of Azores Islands.

1434 Prince Henry the Navigator's ships pass beyond Cape Bojador, West Africa.

1437 Disaster at Tangier, Morocco, as Portuguese fail to capture city.

1441 First African slaves from western Africa reach Portugal.

1460 Death of Prince Henry. Portuguese reach what is now Senegal, West Africa.

1470s Portuguese explore West African coast and reach what is now Ghana and Nigeria and begin colonizing islands of São Tomé and Príncipe.

1479 Treaty of Alcáçovas between kings of Portugal and Spain.

1482 Portuguese establish post at São Jorge da Mina, Gold Coast (now Ghana).

1482-83 Portuguese navigator Diogo Cão reaches mouth of Congo River and Angola.

1488 Navigator Bartolomeu Dias rounds Cape of Good Hope, South Africa, and finds route to Indian Ocean.

1492-93 Columbus's first voyage to West Indies.

1493 Columbus visits Azores and Portugal on return from first voyage; tells of discovery of New World. Treaty of Tordesillas signed between kings of Portugal and Spain: delimits spheres of conquest with line 370 leagues west of Cape Verde Islands (claimed by Portugal); Portugal's sphere to east of line includes, in effect, Brazil.

   King Manuel I and Royal Council decide to continue seeking all-water route around Africa to Asia.

   King Manuel I expels unconverted Jews from Portugal.

1497-99 Epic voyage of Vasco da Gama from Portugal around Africa to west India, successful completion of sea route to Asia project; da Gama returns to Portugal with samples of Asian spices.

1500 Bound for India, Navigator Pedro Álvares Cabral "discovers" coast of Brazil and claims it for Portugal.

1506 Anti-Jewish riots in Lisbon.

   Battle of Diu, India; Portugal's command of Indian Ocean assured for some time with Francisco de Almeida's naval victory over Egyptian and Gujerati fleets.

   Afonso de Albuquerque conquers Goa, India; beginning of Portuguese hegemony in south Asia.

   Portuguese conquest of Malacca; commerce in Spice Islands.

1519 Magellan begins circumnavigation voyage.

1536 Inquisition begins in Portugal.

1543 Portuguese merchants reach Japan.

1557 Portuguese merchants granted Chinese territory of Macau for trading factory.

1572 Luís de Camões publishes epic poem, Os Lusíadas.

1578 Battle of Alcácer-Quivir; Moroccan forces defeat army of King Sebastião of Portugal; King Sebastião dies in battle. Portuguese succession crisis.

1580 King Phillip II of Spain claims and conquers Portugal; Spanish rule of Portugal, 1580-1640.

1607-24 Dutch conquer sections of Asia and Brazil formerly held by Portugal.

1640 1 December: Portuguese revolution in Lisbon overthrows Spanish rule, restores independence. Beginning of Portugal's Braganza royal dynasty.

1654 Following Dutch invasions and conquest of parts of Brazil and Angola, Dutch expelled by force.

1661 Anglo-Portuguese Alliance treaty signed: England pledges to defend Portugal "as if it were England itself." Queen Catherine of Bra-ganza marries England's Charles II.

1668 February: In Portuguese-Spanish peace treaty, Spain recognizes independence of Portugal, thus ending 28-year War of Restoration.

1703 Methuen Treaties signed, key commercial trade agreement and defense treaty between England and Portugal.

1750 Pombal becomes chief minister of King José I.

1755 1 November: Massive Lisbon earthquake, tidal wave, and fire.

1759 Expulsion of Jesuits from Portugal and colonies.

1761 Slavery abolished in continental Portugal.

1769 Abandonment of Mazagão, Morocco, last Portuguese outpost.

1777 Pombal dismissed as chief minister by Queen Maria I, after death of José I.

1791 Portugal and United States establish full diplomatic relations.

1807 November: First Napoleonic invasion; French forces under Junot conquer Portugal. Royal family flees to colony of Brazil and remains there until 1821.

1809 Second French invasion of Portugal under General Soult.

1811 Third French invasion of Portugal under General Masséna.

1813 Following British general Wellington's military victories, French forces evacuate Portugal.

1817 Liberal, constitutional movements against absolutist monarchist rule break out in Brazil (Pernambuco) and Portugal (Lisbon, under General Gomes Freire); crushed by government. British marshal of Portugal's army, Beresford, rules Portugal.

   Liberal insurrection in army officer corps breaks out in Cadiz, Spain, and influences similar movement in Portugal's armed forces first in Oporto.

   King João VI returns from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, and early draft of constitution; era of constitutional monarchy begins.

1822 7 September: João VI's son Pedro proclaims independence of

   Brazil from Portugal and is named emperor. 23 September: Constitution of 1822 ratified.

   Portugal recognizes sovereign independence of Brazil.

   King João VI dies; power struggle for throne ensues between his sons, brothers Pedro and Miguel; Pedro, emperor of Brazil, abdicates Portuguese throne in favor of his daughter, D. Maria II, too young to assume crown. By agreement, Miguel, uncle of D. Maria, is to accept constitution and rule in her stead.

1828 Miguel takes throne and abolishes constitution. Sections of Portugal rebel against Miguelite rule.

1831 Emperor Pedro abdicates throne of Brazil and returns to Portugal to expel King Miguel from Portuguese throne.

1832-34 Civil war between absolutist King Miguel and constitutionalist Pedro, who abandons throne of Brazil to restore his young daughter Maria to throne of Portugal; Miguel's armed forces defeated by those of Pedro. Miguel leaves for exile and constitution (1826 Charter) is restored.

1834-53 Constitutional monarchy consolidated under rule of Queen Maria II, who dies in 1853.

1851-71 Regeneration period of economic development and political stability; public works projects sponsored by Minister Fontes Pereira de Melo.

1871-90 Rotativism period of alternating party governments; achieves political stability and less military intervention in politics and government. Expansion of colonial territory in tropical Africa.

   January: Following territorial dispute in central Africa, Britain delivers "Ultimatum" to Portugal demanding withdrawal of Portugal's forces from what is now Malawi and Zimbabwe. Portugal's government, humiliated in accepting demand under threat of a diplomatic break, falls. Beginning of governmental and political instability; monarchist decline and republicanism's rise.

   Anglo-Portuguese treaties signed relating to delimitation of frontiers in colonial Africa.

1899 Treaty of Windsor; renewal of Anglo-Portuguese defense and friendship alliance.

1903 Triumphal visit of King Edward VII to Portugal.

1906 Politician João Franco supported by King Carlos I in dictatorship to restore order and reform.

1908 1 February: Murder in Lisbon of King Carlos I and his heir apparent, Prince Dom Luís, by Portuguese anarchists. Eighteen-year-old King Manuel II assumes throne.

1910 3-5 October: Following republican-led military insurrection in armed forces, monarchy falls and first Portuguese republic is proclaimed. Beginning of unstable, economically troubled, parliamentary republic form of government.

   May: Violent insurrection in Lisbon overturns government of General Pimenta de Castro; nearly a thousand casualties from several days of armed combat in capital.

   March: Following Portugal's honoring ally Britain's request to confiscate German shipping in Portuguese harbors, Germany declares war on Portugal; Portugal enters World War I on Allied side.

   Portugal organizes and dispatches Portuguese Expeditionary Corps to fight on the Western Front. 9 April: Portuguese forces mauled by German offensive in Battle of Lys. Food rationing and riots in Lisbon. Portuguese military operations in Mozambique against German expedition's invasion from German East Africa. 5 December: Authoritarian, presidentialist government under Major Sidónio Pais takes power in Lisbon, following a successful military coup.

1918 11 November: Armistice brings cessation of hostilities on Western Front in World War I. Portuguese expeditionary forces stationed in Angola, Mozambique, and Flanders begin return trip to Portugal. 14 December: President Sidónio Pais assassinated. Chaotic period of ephemeral civil war ensues.

1919-21 Excessively unstable political period, including January

1919 abortive effort of Portuguese monarchists to restore Braganza dynasty to power. Republican forces prevail, but level of public violence, economic distress, and deprivation remains high.

1921 October: Political violence attains peak with murder of former prime minister and other prominent political figures in Lisbon. Sectors of armed forces and Guarda Nacional Republicana are mutinous. Year of financial and corruption scandals, including Portuguese bank note (fraud) case; military court acquits guilty military insurrectionists, and one military judge declares "the country is sick."

   28 May: Republic overthrown by military coup or pronunciamento and conspiracy among officer corps. Parliament's doors locked and parliament closed for nearly nine years to January 1935. End of parliamentary republic, Western Europe's most unstable political system in this century, beginning of the Portuguese dictatorship, after 1930 known as the Estado Novo. Officer corps assumes reins of government, initiates military censorship of the press, and suppresses opposition.

   February: Military dictatorship under General Óscar Carmona crushes failed republican armed insurrection in Oporto and Lisbon.

   April: Military dictatorship names Professor Antônio de Oliveira Salazar minister of finance, with dictatorial powers over budget, to stabilize finances and rebuild economy. Insurrectionism among military elements continues into 1931.

1930 Dr. Salazar named minister for colonies and announces balanced budgets. Salazar consolidates support by various means, including creation of official regime "movement," the National Union. Salazar engineers Colonial Act to ensure Lisbon's control of bankrupt African colonies by means of new fiscal controls and centralization of authority. July: Military dictatorship names Salazar prime minister for first time, and cabinet composition undergoes civilianization; academic colleagues and protégés plan conservative reform and rejuvenation of society, polity, and economy. Regime comes to be called the Estado Novo (New State). New State's constitution ratified by new parliament, the National Assembly; Portugal described in document as "unitary, corporative Republic" and governance influenced by Salazar's stern personality and doctrines such as integralism, Catholicism, and fiscal conservatism.

1936 Violent instability and ensuing civil war in neighboring Spain, soon internationalized by fascist and communist intervention, shake Estado Novo regime. Pseudofascist period of regime features creation of imitation Fascist institutions to defend regime from leftist threats; Portugal institutes "Portuguese Youth" and "Portuguese Legion."

1939 3 September: Prime Minister Salazar declares Portugal's neutrality in World War II. October: Anglo-Portuguese agreement grants naval and air base facilities to Britain and later to United States for Battle of the Atlantic and Normandy invasion support. Third Reich protests breach of Portugal's neutrality.

   6 June: On day of Allies' Normandy invasion, Portugal suspends mining and export of wolfram ore to both sides in war.

   8 May: Popular celebrations of Allied victory and Fascist defeat in Lisbon and Oporto coincide with Victory in Europe Day. Following managed elections for Estado Novo's National Assembly in November, regime police, renamed PIDE, with increased powers, represses opposition.

1947 Abortive military coup in central Portugal easily crushed by regime. Independence of India and initiation of Indian protests against Portuguese colonial rule in Goa and other enclaves.

1949 Portugal becomes founding member of NATO.

1951 Portugal alters constitution and renames overseas colonies "Overseas Provinces." Portugal and United States sign military base agreements for use of air and naval facilities in Azores Islands and military aid to Lisbon. President Carmona dies in office, succeeded by General Craveiro Lopes (1951-58). July: Indians occupy enclave of Portuguese India (dependency of Damão) by means of passive resistance movement. August: Indian passive resistance movement in Portuguese India repelled by Portuguese forces with loss of life. December: With U.S. backing, Portugal admitted as member of United Nations (along with Spain). Air force general Humberto Delgado, in opposition, challenges Estado Novo's hand-picked successor to Craveiro Lopes, Admiral Américo Tomás. Delgado rallies coalition of democratic, liberal, and communist opposition but loses rigged election and later flees to exile in Brazil. Portugal joins European Free Trade Association (EFTA).

   January and February: Estado Novo rocked by armed African insurrection in northern Angola, crushed by armed forces. Hijacking of Portuguese ocean liner by ally of Delgado, Captain Henrique Galvão. April: Salazar defeats attempted military coup and reshuffles cabinet with group of younger figures who seek to reform colonial rule and strengthen the regime's image abroad. 18 December: Indian army rapidly defeats Portugal's defense force in Goa, Damão, and Diu and incorporates Portugal's Indian possessions into Indian Union. January: Abortive military coup in Beja, Portugal.

1965 February: General Delgado and his Brazilian secretary murdered and secretly buried near Spanish frontier by political police, PIDE.

1968 August and September: Prime Minister Salazar, aged 79, suffers crippling stoke. President Tomás names former cabinet officer Marcello Caetano as Salazar's successor. Caetano institutes modest reforms in Portugal and overseas.

1971 Caetano government ratifies amended constitution that allows slight devolution and autonomy to overseas provinces in Africa and Asia. Right-wing loyalists oppose reforms in Portugal. 25 April: Military coup engineered by Armed Forces Movement overthrows Estado Novo and establishes provisional government emphasizing democratization, development, and decolonization. Limited resistance by loyalists. President Tomás and Premier Caetano flown to exile first in Madeira and then in Brazil. General Spínola appointed president. September: Revolution moves to left, as President Spínola, thwarted in his program, resigns.

   March: Military coup by conservative forces fails, and leftist response includes nationalization of major portion of economy. Polarization between forces and parties of left and right. 25 November: Military coup by moderate military elements thwarts leftist forces. Constituent Assembly prepares constitution. Revolution moves from left to center and then right.

   March: Constitution ratified by Assembly of the Republic. 25 April: Second general legislative election gives largest share of seats to Socialist Party (PS). Former oppositionist lawyer, Mário Soares, elected deputy and named prime minister.

1977-85 Political pendulum of democratic Portugal moves from center-left to center-right, as Social Democratic Party (PSD) increases hold on assembly and take office under Prime Minister Cavaco Silva. July

1985 elections give edge to PSD who advocate strong free-enterprise measures and revision of leftist-generated 1976 Constitution, amended modestly in 1982.

1986 January: Portugal joins European Economic Community (EEC).

1987 July: General, legislative elections for assembly give more than 50 percent to PSD led by Prime Minister Cavaco Silva. For first time, since 1974, Portugal has a working majority government.

1989 June: Following revisions of 1976 Constitution, reprivatization of economy begins, under PS government.

   January: Presidential elections, Mário Soares reelected for second term. July: General, legislative elections for assembly result in new PSD victory and majority government.

   January-July: Portugal holds presidency of the Council of the European Economic Community (EEC). December: Tariff barriers fall as fully integrated Common Market established in the EEC.

   November: Treaty of Maastricht comes into force. The EEC officially becomes the European Union (EU). Portugal is signatory with 11 other member-nations.

   October: General, legislative elections for assembly result in PS victory and naming of Prime Minister Guterres. PS replace PSD as leading political party. November: Excavations for Lisbon bank uncover ancient Phoenician, Roman, and Christian ruins.

   January: General, presidential elections; socialist Jorge Sampaio defeats PSD's Cavaco Silva and assumes presidency from Dr. Mário Soares. July: Community of Portuguese Languages Countries (CPLP) cofounded by Portugal and Brazil.

   May-September: Expo '98 held in Lisbon. Opening of Vasco da Gama Bridge across Tagus River, Europe's longest (17 kilometers/ 11 miles). June: National referendum on abortion law change defeated after low voter turnout. November: National referendum on regionaliza-tion and devolution of power defeated after another low voter turnout.

   October: General, legislative elections: PS victory over PSD lacks clear majority in parliament. Following East Timor referendum, which votes for independence and withdrawal of Indonesia, outburst of popular outrage in streets, media, and communications of Portugal approves armed intervention and administration of United Nations (and withdrawal of Indonesia) in East Timor. Portugal and Indonesia restore diplomatic relations. December: A Special Territory since 1975, Colony of Macau transferred to sovereignty of People's Republic of China.

   January-June: Portugal holds presidency of the Council of the EU; end of Discoveries Historical Commemoration Cycle (1988-2000).

   United Nations forces continue to occupy and administer former colony of East Timor, with Portugal's approval.

   January: General, presidential elections; PS president Sampaio reelected for second term. City of Oporto, "European City of Culture" for the year, hosts arts festival. December: Municipal elections: PSD defeats PS; socialist prime minister Guterres resigns; President Sampaio calls March parliamentary elections.

   1 January: Portugal enters single European Currency system. Euro currency adopted and ceases use of former national currency, the escudo. March: Parliamentary elections; PSD defeats PS and José Durão Barroso becomes prime minister. Military modernization law passed. Portugal holds chairmanship of Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE).

   May: Municipal law passed permitting municipalities to reorganize in new ways.

   June: Prime Minister Durão Barroso, invited to succeed Romano Prodi as president of EU Commission, resigns. Pedro Santana Lopes becomes prime minister. European Parliament elections held. Conscription for national service in army and navy ended. Mass grave uncovered at Academy of Sciences Museum, Lisbon, revealing remains of several thousand victims of Lisbon earthquake, 1755.

   February: Parliamentary elections; PS defeats PSD, socialists win first absolute majority in parliament since 1975. José Sócrates becomes prime minister.

   January: Presidential elections; PSD candidate Aníbal Cavaco Silva elected and assumes presidency from Jorge Sampaio. Portugal's national soccer team ranked 7th out of 205 countries by international soccer association. European Union's Bologna Process in educational reform initiated in Portugal.

   July-December: Portugal holds presidency of the Council of the European Union. For reasons of economy, Portugal announces closure of many consulates, especially in France and the eastern US. Government begins official inspections of private institutions of higher education, following scandals.

2008 January: Prime Minister Sócrates announces location of new Lisbon area airport as Alcochete, on south bank of Tagus River, site of air force shooting range. February: Portuguese Army begins to receive new modern battle tanks (Leopard 2 A6). March: Mass protest of 85,000 public school (primary and secondary levels) teachers in Lisbon schools dispute recent educational policies of minister of education and prime minister.

Historical dictionary of Portugal > Chronology

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